"beo" meaning in Old English

See beo in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /be͜oː/
Rhymes: -e͜oː Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *bijā, from Proto-Germanic *bijō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”). Cognate with Old Frisian bē (West Frisian bij), Old Saxon bīa (Middle Low German bīe), Dutch bij, Old High German bīa, bini (German Biene, dialectal Beie), Old Norse bý (Danish and Swedish bi). The Indo-European root is also the source of Lithuanian bi̇̀tė, Latvian bite, Proto-Slavic *bьčela (Old Church Slavonic бьчела (bĭčela), Russian пчела́ (pčelá)), Proto-Celtic *bekos (Old Irish bech, Irish beach). Etymology templates: {{etymon|ang|:inh|gmw-pro:*bijā|id=bee}} [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*bʰey-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*bijǭ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-West Germanic", "term" : "*bijā", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "gmw-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "beo", "lang" : "ang" }" data-id="bee" data-lang="ang" data-title="beo" id="Old_English:_bee">, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*bijā}} Proto-West Germanic *bijā, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*bijō}} Proto-Germanic *bijō, {{inh|ang|ine-pro|*bʰey-||bee}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”), {{cog|ofs|bē}} Old Frisian bē, {{cog|fy|bij}} West Frisian bij, {{cog|osx|bīa}} Old Saxon bīa, {{cog|gml|bīe}} Middle Low German bīe, {{cog|nl|bij}} Dutch bij, {{cog|goh|bīa}} Old High German bīa, {{cog|de|Biene}} German Biene, {{cog|non|bý}} Old Norse bý, {{cog|sv|bi}} Swedish bi, {{cog|lt|bìtė}} Lithuanian bi̇̀tė, {{cog|lv|bite}} Latvian bite, {{cog|sla-pro|*bьčela}} Proto-Slavic *bьčela, {{cog|cu|бьчела}} Old Church Slavonic бьчела (bĭčela), {{cog|ru|пчела́}} Russian пчела́ (pčelá), {{cog|cel-pro|*bekos}} Proto-Celtic *bekos, {{cog|sga|bech}} Old Irish bech, {{cog|ga|beach}} Irish beach Head templates: {{ang-noun|f|bēon|head=bēo}} bēo f (nominative plural bēon) Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-n-f|bēo|vowel=1}}, {{ang-decl-noun|bēo|bēon|bēon|bēon|bēon|bēona|bēon|bēom,bēoum|num=|title=|type=weak n-stem}} Forms: bēo [canonical, feminine], bēon [nominative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], bēo [nominative, singular], bēon [nominative, plural], bēon [accusative, singular], bēon [accusative, plural], bēon [genitive, singular], bēona [genitive, plural], bēon [dative, singular], bēom [dative, plural], bēoum [dative, plural], bīo [alternative], bī [alternative]
  1. bee Tags: West-Saxon Derived forms: bēobrēad, bēoceorl, bēogang, bēomōdor, bēonbroþ, bēowyrt Related terms: Bēowulf
    Sense id: en-beo-ang-noun-YsuBtZBK Categories (other): Bees Disambiguation of Bees: 72 21 3 4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

IPA: /be͜oː/ Forms: bēo [canonical], bēom [alternative], bīom [alternative], bīum [alternative], bia [alternative]
Rhymes: -e͜oː Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *biumi (“am”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to become, be”). Etymology templates: {{etymid|ang|verb form}}, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*biumi|t=am}} Proto-Germanic *biumi (“am”), {{der|ang|ine-pro|*bʰew-|t=to become, be}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to become, be”) Head templates: {{head|ang|verb form|head=bēo}} bēo, {{tlb|ang|West Saxon}} (West Saxon)
  1. inflection of bēon:
    first-person singular indicative
    Tags: West-Saxon, first-person, form-of, indicative, singular Form of: bēon
    Sense id: en-beo-ang-verb-DmQPXGrR Categories (other): Old English entries with etymon, Old English entries with incorrect language header, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with etymon, West Saxon Old English Disambiguation of Old English entries with etymon: 4 51 24 20 Disambiguation of Old English entries with incorrect language header: 4 51 22 23 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 16 58 21 5 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 16 58 21 5 Disambiguation of West Saxon Old English: 56 22 22
  2. inflection of bēon:
    singular subjunctive
    Tags: West-Saxon, form-of, singular, subjunctive Form of: bēon
    Sense id: en-beo-ang-verb-dn0eAI4Z
  3. inflection of bēon:
    singular imperative
    Tags: West-Saxon, form-of, imperative, singular Form of: bēon
    Sense id: en-beo-ang-verb-7eoYcwZe
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1
{
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*biumi",
        "t": "am"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biumi (“am”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰew-",
        "t": "to become, be"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to become, be”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *biumi (“am”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to become, be”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bēo",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēom",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bīom",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bīum",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bia",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "verb form",
        "head": "bēo"
      },
      "expansion": "bēo",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "West Saxon"
      },
      "expansion": "(West Saxon)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 51 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 51 22 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 58 21 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 58 21 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 22 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "West Saxon Old English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "bēon"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of bēon:",
        "first-person singular indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-beo-ang-verb-DmQPXGrR",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "West-Saxon",
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "bēon"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of bēon:",
        "singular subjunctive"
      ],
      "id": "en-beo-ang-verb-dn0eAI4Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "West-Saxon",
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "bēon"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of bēon:",
        "singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-beo-ang-verb-7eoYcwZe",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "West-Saxon",
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/be͜oː/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-e͜oː"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beo"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Tok Pisin",
              "lang_code": "tpi",
              "word": "bi"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Ulithian",
              "lang_code": "uli",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "bii"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yola",
          "lang_code": "yol",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "be"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Tok Pisin",
              "lang_code": "tpi",
              "word": "bi"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Ulithian",
              "lang_code": "uli",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "bii"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yola",
          "lang_code": "yol",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "bee"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Tok Pisin",
              "lang_code": "tpi",
              "word": "bi"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Ulithian",
              "lang_code": "uli",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "bii"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yola",
          "lang_code": "yol",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "bey"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Tok Pisin",
              "lang_code": "tpi",
              "word": "bi"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Ulithian",
              "lang_code": "uli",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "bii"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yola",
          "lang_code": "yol",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "West Midland"
      ],
      "word": "beo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "gmw-pro:*bijā",
        "id": "bee"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰey-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bijǭ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bijā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"beo\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }\" data-id=\"bee\" data-lang=\"ang\" data-title=\"beo\" id=\"Old_English:_bee\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*bijā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bijā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bijō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bijō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰey-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bee"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "bē"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian bē",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "bij"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian bij",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "bīa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon bīa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "bīe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German bīe",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bij"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bij",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "bīa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German bīa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Biene"
      },
      "expansion": "German Biene",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "bý"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse bý",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "bi"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish bi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "bìtė"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian bi̇̀tė",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bite"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian bite",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*bьčela"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bьčela",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "бьчела"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic бьчела (bĭčela)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пчела́"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пчела́ (pčelá)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*bekos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *bekos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "bech"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish bech",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "beach"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish beach",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *bijā, from Proto-Germanic *bijō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”). Cognate with Old Frisian bē (West Frisian bij), Old Saxon bīa (Middle Low German bīe), Dutch bij, Old High German bīa, bini (German Biene, dialectal Beie), Old Norse bý (Danish and Swedish bi). The Indo-European root is also the source of Lithuanian bi̇̀tė, Latvian bite, Proto-Slavic *bьčela (Old Church Slavonic бьчела (bĭčela), Russian пчела́ (pčelá)), Proto-Celtic *bekos (Old Irish bech, Irish beach).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bēo",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-n-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēo",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēo",
          "beo#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēona",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēona",
          "beona#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēom",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēom",
          "beom#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēoum",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēoum",
          "beoum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bīo",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bī",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "bēon",
        "head": "bēo"
      },
      "expansion": "bēo f (nominative plural bēon)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bēo",
        "vowel": "1"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-n-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bēo",
        "2": "bēon",
        "3": "bēon",
        "4": "bēon",
        "5": "bēon",
        "6": "bēona",
        "7": "bēon",
        "8": "bēom,bēoum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "weak n-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "72 21 3 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "ang",
          "name": "Bees",
          "orig": "ang:Bees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bēobrēad"
        },
        {
          "word": "bēoceorl"
        },
        {
          "word": "bēogang"
        },
        {
          "word": "bēomōdor"
        },
        {
          "word": "bēonbroþ"
        },
        {
          "word": "bēowyrt"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bee"
      ],
      "id": "en-beo-ang-noun-YsuBtZBK",
      "links": [
        [
          "bee",
          "bee"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "Bēowulf"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "West-Saxon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/be͜oː/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-e͜oː"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beo"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with etymon",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English feminine n-stem nouns",
    "Old English feminine nouns",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English non-lemma forms",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰey-",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Old English verb forms",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 11 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Rhymes:Old English/e͜oː",
    "Rhymes:Old English/e͜oː/1 syllable",
    "West Saxon Old English",
    "ang:Bees",
    "vi:Panthers"
  ],
  "etymology_number": "1",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*biumi",
        "t": "am"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *biumi (“am”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰew-",
        "t": "to become, be"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to become, be”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *biumi (“am”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to become, be”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bēo",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēom",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bīom",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bīum",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bia",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "verb form",
        "head": "bēo"
      },
      "expansion": "bēo",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "West Saxon"
      },
      "expansion": "(West Saxon)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "bēon"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of bēon:",
        "first-person singular indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "West-Saxon",
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "bēon"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of bēon:",
        "singular subjunctive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "West-Saxon",
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "bēon"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of bēon:",
        "singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "West-Saxon",
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/be͜oː/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-e͜oː"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beo"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Old English entries with etymon",
    "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Old English feminine n-stem nouns",
    "Old English feminine nouns",
    "Old English lemmas",
    "Old English nouns",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰey-",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 11 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Rhymes:Old English/e͜oː",
    "Rhymes:Old English/e͜oː/1 syllable",
    "ang:Bees",
    "vi:Panthers"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bēobrēad"
    },
    {
      "word": "bēoceorl"
    },
    {
      "word": "bēogang"
    },
    {
      "word": "bēomōdor"
    },
    {
      "word": "bēonbroþ"
    },
    {
      "word": "bēowyrt"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Tok Pisin",
              "lang_code": "tpi",
              "word": "bi"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Ulithian",
              "lang_code": "uli",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "bii"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yola",
          "lang_code": "yol",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "be"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Tok Pisin",
              "lang_code": "tpi",
              "word": "bi"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Ulithian",
              "lang_code": "uli",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "bii"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yola",
          "lang_code": "yol",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "bee"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Tok Pisin",
              "lang_code": "tpi",
              "word": "bi"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Ulithian",
              "lang_code": "uli",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "bii"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yola",
          "lang_code": "yol",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "bey"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Tok Pisin",
              "lang_code": "tpi",
              "word": "bi"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Ulithian",
              "lang_code": "uli",
              "raw_tags": [
                "borrowed"
              ],
              "word": "bii"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "be"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bee"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Scots",
              "lang_code": "sco",
              "word": "bee"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Middle Scots",
          "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
          "word": "bie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yola",
          "lang_code": "yol",
          "tags": [
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "been"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "raw_tags": [
        "West Midland"
      ],
      "word": "beo"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": "2",
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "gmw-pro:*bijā",
        "id": "bee"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰey-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bijǭ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bijā\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"beo\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }\" data-id=\"bee\" data-lang=\"ang\" data-title=\"beo\" id=\"Old_English:_bee\">",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*bijā"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bijā",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*bijō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bijō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰey-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bee"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ofs",
        "2": "bē"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Frisian bē",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "bij"
      },
      "expansion": "West Frisian bij",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "bīa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon bīa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "bīe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German bīe",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bij"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bij",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "bīa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German bīa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Biene"
      },
      "expansion": "German Biene",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "bý"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse bý",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "bi"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish bi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "bìtė"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian bi̇̀tė",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "bite"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian bite",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*bьčela"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bьčela",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cu",
        "2": "бьчела"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic бьчела (bĭčela)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "пчела́"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian пчела́ (pčelá)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*bekos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *bekos",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "bech"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish bech",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ga",
        "2": "beach"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish beach",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *bijā, from Proto-Germanic *bijō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰey- (“bee”). Cognate with Old Frisian bē (West Frisian bij), Old Saxon bīa (Middle Low German bīe), Dutch bij, Old High German bīa, bini (German Biene, dialectal Beie), Old Norse bý (Danish and Swedish bi). The Indo-European root is also the source of Lithuanian bi̇̀tė, Latvian bite, Proto-Slavic *bьčela (Old Church Slavonic бьчела (bĭčela), Russian пчела́ (pčelá)), Proto-Celtic *bekos (Old Irish bech, Irish beach).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bēo",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-n-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēo",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēo",
          "beo#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēona",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēona",
          "beona#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēon",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēon",
          "beon#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēom",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēom",
          "beom#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēoum",
      "links": [
        [
          "bēoum",
          "beoum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bīo",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bī",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "bēon",
        "head": "bēo"
      },
      "expansion": "bēo f (nominative plural bēon)",
      "name": "ang-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bēo",
        "vowel": "1"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-n-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bēo",
        "2": "bēon",
        "3": "bēon",
        "4": "bēon",
        "5": "bēon",
        "6": "bēona",
        "7": "bēon",
        "8": "bēom,bēoum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "weak n-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Bēowulf"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bee"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bee",
          "bee"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "West-Saxon"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/be͜oː/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-e͜oː"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beo"
}

Download raw JSONL data for beo meaning in Old English (12.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.